21st December 2020 | Daily Brief

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1. The psychological, economic, and social costs of air pollution. Analyse.

वायु प्रदूषण की मनोवैज्ञानिक, आर्थिक और सामाजिक लागत। विश्लेषण।

2. Financial education for students is a necessity, as it promotes the habit of saving, teaches awareness and responsibility, helps them keep a check on spending, and build a positive attitude around money. Elaborate.

छात्रों के लिए वित्तीय शिक्षा एक आवश्यकता है, क्योंकि यह बचत की आदत को बढ़ावा देता है, जागरूकता और जिम्मेदारी सिखाता है, उन्हें खर्च पर एक नज़र रखने में मदद करता है, और पैसे के आसपास सकारात्मक दृष्टिकोण का निर्माण करता है। इसे विस्तृत करें।

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JACK
JACK
5 years ago

The psychological, economic, and social costs of air pollution. Analyse.

The issue of air pollution has been affecting India since long. Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air that are detrimental to human health and the planet as a whole.
Twenty-one of the world’s 30 cities with the worst air pollution are in India according to 2019 World Air Quality Report, with six in the top ten. Most air pollution comes from energy use and production

This has severe effects on all aspects of life which have been discussed as follows:

  1. Psychological costs: Affectively, air pollution decreases happiness and life satisfaction, and increases annoyance, anxiety, mental disorders, self-harm, and suicide. Cognitively, it impairs cognitive functioning and decision making. Behaviorally, air pollution triggers avoidance behavior, defensive expenditure, and migration as coping strategies.
  2. Social costs: costs that include both the private costs incurred by firms and also additional external costs incurred by third parties outside the production process mainly due to the negative health impacts of air pollution. Air pollution causes mortality, Infant mortality, Work days loss, Restricted activity days and other diseases putting burden over poor households and pushing them more towards unemployment and poverty.
  3. Economic costs: Air pollution affects countries’ economies in many ways, from degrading the functioning of natural ecosystems to harming economic competitiveness and the ability of growing cities to attract top talent. India spends a whopping Rs 3.39 lakh per second to tackle air pollution from fossil fuels according to the report ‘Toxic Air: The Price of Fossil Fuels’ which cumulatively exceeds the fiscal deficit of the country.

Thus strict actions are needed to control air pollution and the accruing effects occuring due to it in the country. Power plants, industries and vehicles are the biggest sources of pollution alongside the absolutely highly growing vehicular pollution which need to be addressed immediately.
The provisions of Air Pollution Control Act, 1981 should be strengthened wherever it is required and CPCB should be made more accountable for controlling of pollution in industrial areas particularly which are the point sources of air pollution.
In this regard, the national air quality index is a commendable work to keep administration alert and people aware of the level of outdoor activities to be limited but not the panacea of the problem. Controlling air pollution will also help India achieve its climate change goals under the paris climate agreement and make world a better place for living.

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JACK
JACK
5 years ago

Financial education for students is a necessity, as it promotes the habit of saving, teaches awareness and responsibility, helps them keep a check on spending, and build a positive attitude around money. Elaborate.

Financial literacy is the education and understanding of various financial areas including topics related to managing personal finance, money, borrowing, and investing. Financial education for students gives them the ability to properly make important decisions based on their finances. 
When on their own, students may have to save money for food, entertainment, and school-related expenses. Without guidance, choosing the wrong financial path can lead to prolonging life goals such as owning a home or starting a family. Financial education for students encourages family conversations, hands-on learning opportunities, and financial independence. Benefits of financial literacy to students:

  1. Financial Education Helps gain control of debt making payments of loans and bills, by letting them learn ways to manage finances and taking important financial decisions of loans from future point of view.
  2. It Helps to end the Debt Cycle by helping to Learn to make a budget and to understand how our income relates to our expenses and avoid accumulating debt in the future. 
  3. It Helps to Understand how money works and what your money can do for you. For example, if you need to make a big decision about whether to buy a house or car or whether to save for an emergency or retirement, knowing about it helps taking the decisions.
  4. It Helps to Plan for the Future: To plan for your future, you need to understand what different savings options are and how they may impact your goals. For example, if you are planning on retiring someday, financial literary helps to understand how much money you’ll need. It can help you understand how to save based on your current income, inflation, and how long you anticipate living in retirement.

Thus, financial literacy should be made a part of curriculum for school and universities at various levels. The New education policy of 2020 misses on this crucial aspects since it do not put much emphasis on it. However, it could still well be achieved by starting a new programme in a mission mode type project. Making our youth free from financial worries should be a priority since it helps them making shielded from the effects of un-anticipated crises like the covid pandemic or left empty-handed in their latter part of life which also increases burden over the government.

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5 years ago

Pragati Kumari
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